TNF and Sepsis: CLP‐induced sepsis caused an early elevation in circulating proinflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6 as well as a later elevation in circulating anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 (Figure 9C), whereas adoptive transfer of BLP‐trained BMDMs substantially attenuated sepsis‐induced elevation in both proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines (p< 0.05 to p< 0.001 vs PBS‐treated, CLP‐challenged mice) (Figure 9C).