GSK3B and Cognitive impairment: Previous studies have shown that resveratrol can reduce ROS levels by regulating autophagy via the AMPK-mTOR pathway (Song et al. 2018) and lithium chloride has been shown to improve cognitive impairments by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress through the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway (Wang et al. 2020).