Interestingly, loss of function pallidin (BLOC1S6) and dysbindin (BLOC1S8) in Dtnbp1sdy/sdy and Pldnpa/pa mice, respectively, gave rise to significant dilations in collecting duct and proximal tubules of the kidney (89), which is consistent with our finding of increased cystogenesis in an in vitro cyst model. This evidence concerns the gene BLOC1S6 and cyst.