ESR2 and melanoma: ERα, the predominant estrogen receptor in human epidermis, exerts a role in tumorigenesis by promoting cell proliferation, whereas ERβ appears to exhibit a notable anti‐tumor activity, often acting antagonistically to ERα.[33] Although relatively few studies have delved into the mechanistic role of ERα in melanoma, hypermethylation of ERα promoter CpG islands has been implicated in melanoma progression.[34] Conversely, ERβ, the predominant ER expressed on melanoma cells,[35] has received greater attention.