Postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) develops through TGF‐β1‐driven fibrotic remodeling, characterized by neutrophil extracellular trap (NETs)‐induced aberrant epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) deposition. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is peritoneal well differentiated papillary mesothelioma.