GATA3 and renal dysplasia: Role in the differentiation of multiple cell lineages during embryogenesis [62]. Loss of GATA3 function has been associated with palatal defects, particularly affecting the trabeculae, a structure critical to proper palate formation​ [63]. Mutations in this gene cause Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness and Renal dysplasia (HDR) syndrome [64].