FGF5 and ischemic stroke: FGF5 (fibroblast growth factor 5) is a well-established hypertension susceptibility gene, with genetic variants linked to elevated SBP, DBP, and stroke.60,61 Our findings further support a potential causal link between increased plasma FGF5 levels, BP, and subsequent CHD and ischaemic stroke, aligning with previous MR studies and reinforcing observational evidence on FGF5 plasma levels.