Meanwhile, Adam19 overexpression has an increased trend of AF inducibility ratio compared to the MI group and offset the AF inhibition effect of LIPUS treatment, and SB431542 treatment significantly reduced AF duration compared to the MI + vehicle + AAV9-Adam19 group, counteracted the worsening effect of AAV9-Adam19 (Figure 10C and D). This evidence concerns the gene ADAM19 and atrial fibrillation.