HIF1A and ovarian carcinoma: While GA has been shown to suppress ovarian cancer cells by interfering with PTEN/AKT/HIF-1α (10), ROS/ERK (11) or cell-cycle checkpoints (27), a critical gap remains: its potential to synergize with cisplatin, the first-line drug for ovarian cancer, and the precise signaling axis underlying such synergy remain unexplored.