Clinical variables further modulate hmmyCAF function in immunotherapy resistance.[43, 44] In advanced HCC (III‐IV), hmmyCAFs spatially expand from the invasive front to the tumor core (Ro/e = 2.7 to 4.1, p<0.001; Figure 3C), driven by TGF‐β activation. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.