Changes in immune cell population phenotypes (e.g., macrophages, CD1C + DCs, and CD8 + ATCs) and a dynamic interplay between malignant plasma cells and these immune populations through ligand/receptor interactions, such as B-cell maturation antigen/BAFF or MIF/CD44/CD74, takes place during progression to MM (Fig 9). This evidence concerns the gene CD1C and Miyoshi myopathy.