VEGFA and diabetic retinopathy: Studies suggest that it modulates endothelial activation, leukocyte recruitment, and inflammation, and may influence angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling and endothelial gene regulation, with relevance to placental development, diabetic retinopathy, and tissue repair (Gandhi et al., 2012; Lee et al., 2012; 2015; Feng et al., 2016; Gragnano et al., 2017; Randi, 2017; Xiao et al., 2017; Bitsadze et al., 2021; Mingot Castellano et al., 2022; Woods et al., 2023; Frimat et al., 2024).