An increase in phosphorylated Akt (Figures 5A, C; p<0.05) was observed in the NPC group, accompanied by elevated levels of phosphorylated GSK3β (Figures 5A, B; p<0.05) and potentially phosphorylated CREB (Figures 5F, G; p<0.01). Here, CREB1 is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.