TGFB1 and ovarian carcinoma: In ovarian cancer, this state can be further subdivided into: immune-cold tumors, in which there is an almost complete lack of T-cell infiltration in the tumor tissue, reflecting the absence of antigen recognition or primitive activation signals; and immune-excluded tumors, in which T-cells are trapped in the tumor margins or stromal regions, making it difficult for them to enter the core of the tumor, which is usually associated with tumor associated fibroblasts (CAF), TGF-β signaling, and disturbed chemokine axis (10, 11).