In RA patients, the allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*04:05:01, *04:10:01, *10:01:02 and HLA-B*15:01:01G, *40:01:01G, *40:02:01G, and *54:01:01G were significantly higher than those in the HCs (OR > 1, all P < 0.05). The gene discussed is HLA-B; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.