KRAS and colorectal cancer: However, KRAS G12D, as one of the most common KRAS mutation subtypes (accounting for approximately 34% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients, 12% of colorectal cancer patients, and 4% of lung adenocarcinoma patients), still faces enormous challenges in targeted therapy due to lacking cysteine residues similar to G12C for covalent binding [374].