Additionally, several molecular pathways, such as ER, HER2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β‐catenin, JAK2/STAT3, Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, Notch, and Hh, play significant roles in promoting BC progression by increasing cancer cell survival, proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, and resistance to therapy [41, 42]. Here, ESR1 is linked to cancer.