Because a combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors with immunotherapy has been shown to increase cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in the tumor and enhance antitumor activity versus immunotherapy alone in a mouse melanoma model as well as in patients treated with vemurafenib plus atezolizumab with or without cobimetinib 22, 23, we hypothesized that tovorafenib in combination with nivolumab may enhance cytotoxic T-cell infiltration, leading to improved clinical efficacy versus nivolumab alone. This evidence concerns the gene MAP2K7 and melanoma.