In particular, PGE2 can haveboth pro- and antiinflammatory functions depending on the specificcellular receptors they bind to (EP1, EP2, EP3, or EP4).−,  The literature demonstrates the involvement of PGs in the pathogenicityof the leishmaniasis and of the other chronic diseases caused by trypanosomatids., A distinct expression pattern of genes involved in the AA cascadewas observed between patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis(LCL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The gene discussed is PTGER4; the disease is mantle cell lymphoma.