Similarly, inhibition of NF-κB activity in rodent IVDs protects against age-related and mechanically induced disc degeneration by reducing cytokine and MMP expression, maintaining ECM integrity and improving histological disc scores (Burt et al., 2024; Glaeser et al., 2020; Li et al., 2023; Nasto et al., 2012; Orita et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.