However, homozygous and/or heterozygous deletion of TSC1 or TSC2 generally does not induce the formation of renal AML in mice63,64, although one previous mouse model of mosaic TSC1 deletion developed renal mesenchymal lesions that resembled human PEComas, with upregulated melanocytic marker expression65. Here, TSC1 is linked to neoplasm with perivascular epithelioid cell differentiation.