In contrast, we found a significant overlap between the AD-related genes and the sex-biased age-associated GE changes in females (p = 0.031) but not in males (p = 0.60) (Figure 4—figure supplement 2B), supporting a recent finding that females are more vulnerable to AD during aging due to the post-menopause activation of C/EBPβ–AEP/δ-secretase pathway by sex hormone changes (Xiong et al., 2022). The gene discussed is CEBPB; the disease is Alzheimer disease.