Noteworthy pathways included “PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer,” “HIF-1 signaling pathway,” and “Sphingolipid signaling pathway.” Additionally, pathways such as “Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species,” (Supplementary Figure S1) “Neutrophil extracellular trap formation,” (Supplementary Figure S2) and “Renal cell carcinoma” were also significantly associated with the identified targets (Figure 3B). Here, CD274 is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.