COA4 and cancer: At advanced stages, we identified elevated levels of proteins associated with key cancer hallmarks, including vesicular trafficking and cellular signaling (RAB3B, RAB5B), immune modulation (HLA-DRB1), stress response and protein folding (COA4, ST13P4), epigenetic regulation (ANP32CP), oxidative stress defense (MT2A), and genomic stability (H2BC1) (Figure S9C).