For instance, Jeon et al. discovered that RT induced the robust upregulation of Tissue factor 3 in glioblastoma cells to activate canonical phosphoinositide 3-kinase and nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, both of which are pro-survival pathways capable of promoting the expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins while inhibiting pro-apoptotic BAX proteins, thus enhancing the radioresistance of glioblastoma cells through alleviating post-IR apoptosis 34. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and glioblastoma.