Radiation exposure can also activate the Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4) expression in cancer cells to promote the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids, which are highly susceptible to oxidation and may thus cooperate with the RT-induced ROS stress to trigger lipid peroxidation in cancer cells in a DNA-independent manner, eventually activating the ferroptosis cascades 25, 26. The gene discussed is ACSL4; the disease is cancer.