To test this hypothesis, we assessed the association of self-reported short sleep duration with prognostic markers of heart failure (i.e., EAT thickness and serum levels of NTproBNP) in ACHD patients without present depressive symptoms, as indicated by a score of less than 3 on the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D < 3). Here, NPPB is linked to major depressive disorder.