Mechanistically, this efficacy derives from complementary actions: nab-paclitaxel disrupts stromal architecture to enhance gemcitabine tumor penetration (9); gemcitabine induces G1/S-phase arrest as a nucleoside analog; and S-1, a 5-FU prodrug, provides sustained thymidylate synthase inhibition through oral bioavailability. Here, TYMS is linked to neoplasm.