Furthermore, HF is associated with sympathetic overactivation and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RASS) hyperactivity (37); T3 restores autonomic balance in heart failure by: (1) Attenuating sympathetic overactivation through downregulation of myocardial β adrenergic receptor density and reduction of circulating norepinephrine levels (38); (2) Recovering baroreflex function via upregulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the nucleus tractus solitarius (39), thereby mitigating these detrimental neurohormonal axes (40). Here, REN is linked to heart failure.