Two NHANES studies tie urinary VOCms to ageing outcomes: elevated DHBMA and CEMA, together with N-acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine (HPMMA), predicted 30–60% higher sarcopenia odds, while a mixture dominated by N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine (CYMA) was inversely related to the anti-ageing protein α-Klotho (14, 15). The gene discussed is KL; the disease is sarcopenia.