KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated significant enrichment of differentially expressed proteins in H. pylori-induced gastritis within pathways such as Th17 cell differentiation, the TGF-β signaling pathway, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, and antigen processing and presentation (Figure 3B). Here, TGFB1 is linked to gastritis.