Although both MS275 and SAHA inhibited proliferation and promoted differentiation in HCC cells, we focused primarily on MS275 due to its selective inhibition of Class I HDACs, which offers a more targeted epigenetic approach compared to the broader activity of SAHA, a pan-HDAC inhibitor that inhibits both Class I and Class II HDACs (32, 33). Here, HDAC9 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.