HSPA1A and Alzheimer disease: In sum, in contrast with AD, although Hsp90 isoforms were downregulated in all regions and cell types in resilience, genes encoding other chaperones – Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp110 – were consistently upregulated in resilient neurons (Table S13), Taken together, these findings indicate complex transcriptomic dynamics in inhibitory and excitatory neurons that are distinct in resilience compared with AD and healthy controls.