TP53 and cancer: To further elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving the poor prognosis of Group 6 melanoma patients, we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and identified several immune- and cancer-related pathways significantly enriched in this subgroup, including GnRH signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and Ras signaling pathway (Fig. 2A).