PDK1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: In SOD1 overexpressed HEK293T cells, p = 0.0001 (Fig. 2B), in the spinal cord of 4-month-old C9orf72 transgenic mice, p = 0.0019 (Fig. 2C); in the spinal cord of 4-month-old SOD1 transgenic mice, p = 0.0023 (Fig. 2D); we found that PDK1 was significantly upregulated in all three ALS biological models.