CSF3 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Traditionally, CSF3 is known to regulate neutrophil survival, proliferation, and recruitment, with neutrophils playing a central role in acute inflammation.34,35 However, in IPF, inflammation is minimal, yet neutrophils persist in fibrotic tissue.36 This paradox suggests that CSF3 might have a more complex role in fibrosis than previously understood.