Total mean fluorescence intensity for Iba1 showed a main effect for dementia in gray matter (Figure 6A; dementia, F[1, 34] = 5.156, p = 0.0296), with a lower expression of Iba1 in AD individuals suggesting a reduction in the number of “activated” microglia in the gray matter of AD individuals. The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.