Research has confirmed that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induce characteristic sterile inflammation in DKD by activating NLRP3 inflammasomes in glomerular endothelial cells in both human and mouse models (Wang et al., 2023), laying the theoretical foundation for targeting inflammation as a treatment for DKD (Rayego-Mateos et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and diabetic kidney disease.