These findings suggest that TP53, PI3K, and TGF-Beta pathway disruptions may have distinct prognostic implications in NHW GC patients.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study provides one of the first ethnicity-focused analyses of TP53, WNT, PI3K, TGF-Beta and RTK/RAS pathway alterations in GC, revealing significant racial/ethnic differences in pathway dysregulation. Here, TGFB1 is linked to gastric cancer.