TRIM45 and colitis: studied macrophage-specific knockout of ring finger protein 99 (RNF99) in DSS-induced colitis mice and examined RNF99-overexpressing inflammatory macrophages in vitro; they demonstrated that RNF99 degrades TAK1-binding protein 2 (TAB2) through the lysine ubiquitination pathway, thereby regulating the inflammatory state of macrophages and promoting recovery from colitis (115).