CD8A and neoplasm: Additional pro-tumor infiltrates include exhausted CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3; Th2-skewed CD4+ T cells producing IL-4 and IL-13; certain B-cell subsets that modulate the cytokine milieu; and N2-polarized neutrophils that release reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to facilitate invasion.