Two subpopulations were examined: (1) a lower-risk T2D population, defined as studies enrolling a broad T2D cohort or general population with high T2D incidence, without requiring additional comorbidities or high risk features (e.g. MI history or insulin use); and (2) a population with T2D and vascular or coronary disease, defined as studies including participants with comorbid ACS, MI, or ASCVD. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is coronary artery disorder.