Although ECs lining the vasculature have been considered primary contributors of PAI-1 to the bloodstream in pathological conditions (65, 66), scRNA-Seq showed that Serpine1 expression was more prominent in SMCs of the aorta than in ECs; our results are in keeping with a recent study of calcineurin-mediated hypertension and abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice (67). Here, SERPINE1 is linked to hypertensive disorder.