PHLPP1 and Parkinson disease: To explore the role of PHLPP1 deficiency in Parkinson’s disease (PD) mouse models, we utilized PHLPP1 knockout (KO) mice alongside wild-type (WT) mice subjected to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a neurotoxin that induces Parkinsonian symptoms.