ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In oncogenic-driven metastatic NSCLC, ADC is the most common histologic subtype and frequently presents with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and well-characterised, targetable oncogenic drivers [99, 235]. As a result, molecular testing for EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and BRAF mutations is advised for all newly identified advanced NSCLC patients [236] to guide targeted therapy selection [237, 238].