Further, interferon alpha and gamma both have anti-proliferative, pro-apoptosis and cytotoxic effects directly on tumor cells, as well as indirectly contribute to anti-tumor immunity by affecting host cells including CD8 + T cells (Shi et al. 2022; Han et al. 2023), suggesting that tumor cell eradication by the combination type 2 RAFi plus MEKi is in part through the immunoediting of interferons. Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.