PGF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: A case control study drawn from the multicenter Finnish Genetics of Pre-eclampsia Consortium (FINNPEC) multicenter study78 which assayed PlGF in 51 women with obesity also found a negative association between concentration of PlGF and risk of pre-eclampsia, with the result approaching statistical significance with samples taken in the first trimester (P=.07), but not with those assayed in the third trimester (P=.87).