NEFL and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Our previous study on the same population showed that Interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly mediated the predictive association between long-lasting T2DM and neurodegeneration biomarkers, including hippocampus volume, amyloid, tau, and neurofilament light chain levels, in cognitively unimpaired individuals [25], highlighting pre-clinical stages of T2DM-associated cognitive decline.