To establish a human retinal model that mimics LHON pathology, we examined whether iPSCs derived from a control individual (non-LHON-iPSCs, 201B6 line) and a patient with LHON carrying the mtDNA mutation (11778G > A) in the ND4 gene (LHON-iPSCs) could be transformed into ROs using a modified protocol (Figures 1A,B) (Capowski et al., 2019). The gene discussed is MT-ND4; the disease is Leber hereditary optic neuropathy.