HMOX1 and neoplasm: In a murine model of post-transplant renal cancer, the honokiol and rapamycin combination prolonged allograft survival and significantly inhibited tumor growth.77 Mechanistically, this therapy modulated the expression of tumor-promoting regulators such as Carabin and Rubicon, induced autophagic and apoptotic cell death, and reduced the expression of the RTK AXL, reported to be overexpressed in various cancer types.78 Notably, the combination also suppressed the expression of heme oxygenase-1, a cytoprotective enzyme implicated in therapeutic resistance.