2022; Zou et al. 2023). NF‐κB activation upregulates NLRP3 inflammasome transcription; NLRP3 binds caspase‐1 via ASC, activating caspase‐1 (Fu and Wu 2023). Activated caspase‐1 cleaves GSDMD to induce pyroptosis and processes pro‐IL‐1β/pro‐IL‐18 into mature forms, promoting chronic inflammation (You et al. 2022). Recent studies showed that EGCG prevents nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via the NLRP3/caspase‐1/GSDMD pathway (Mao et al. 2024), but its role in caspase‐1‐mediated pyroptosis and depression remains unclear. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is major depressive disorder.